The optocoupler is the most important part it isolates the circuit from the relay using.
Arduino relay transistor diode.
Diode acts as a protection for transistor against back emf induced through relay coil during transit conditions.
Therefore we need a device to amplify the current.
Circuit diagram and working.
The coil of the relay needs a large current around 150ma to drive the relay which an arduino cannot provide.
2 x 220ω resistors.
Just a simple circuit that contains our transistor diode resistor and of course the relay.
Connections to the household appliance are not shown.
B sc engineer in electrical and electronic engineering.
Resistor adjusts input current from arduino to the transistor.
An ac bulb is used for demonstration.
The following picture depicts how to connect the different parts using a solderless breadboard jumper wires a transistor a diode a relay a push button and two 10k resistors.
The parts you will need.
The following arduino program completes the post.
Therefore we need a device to amplify the current.
In this project the npn transistor 2n2222 drives the relay when the npn junction gets saturated.
The base terminal of the 2n2222 transistor is connected to any of the digital i o pin of the arduino through a 1kω current limiting diode in this project base is connected to pin 7 of arduino.
We have connected transistor base to arduino pin a0 through a 1k resistor.
In this arduino relay control circuit we have used arduino to control the relay via a bc547 transistor.
Below given is relay driver circuit to build your own relay module.
1 x 1n4001 diode.
The coil of the relay needs a large current around 150ma to drive the relay which an arduino cannot provide.
In this project the npn transistor 2n2222 drives the relay when the npn junction gets saturated.
The design of the circuit is described here.
Transistor acts as a switch to control the 12v to relay coil.
1 x tip120 darlington transistor is recommended but any one that will handle your relay will work.
1 x sharp pc817 optocoupler.
The project is used to demonstrate the high voltage driving capabilities of a relay using arduino uno.